Betawi Cultural History

Betawi Cultural .Do you know how the beginning of the history of Betawi culture? Far, we live in Jakarta Jakarta but there are genuine people there are also those immigrants who live in Jakarta and to the uninitiated, such as how early in his first yuk let us simak.Betawi used to claimed native tribes inhabiting the Jakarta and the Betawi word actually comes from the word "Batavia" is the ancient name given by Belanda.Sejarah Jakarta Batavia itself preceded by the Sundanese (majority), before the 16th century and into the kingdom Tarumanegara and then Pakuan Pajajaran. In addition to the Sundanese, there are also foreign merchants and sailors from the north coast of Java, from different islands of Eastern Indonesia, from Malacca on the Malay peninsula, and even from China and Gujarat in India. Betawi Cultural History

Betawi ethnic recently formed around a century ago, between the years 1815-1893. In the Dutch colonial era, governments always do the census, which is based on the nation or ethnic group. In Jakarta the population census data in 1615 and 1815, there were people from various ethnic groups, but there is no record of the Betawi ethnic group.

In 1930, the category Betawi people who previously did not exist just emerging as a new category in the census data. The number of Betawi people as much as 778,953 lives and become the majority population of Batavia itu.kesadaran time as the early formation of the Betawi ethnic group was also not yet taken root. In daily life, they more often call themselves based on their locality of residence, such as the Kemayoran, Senen people, or people Rawabelong.

Recognition of the Betawi people as an ethnic group and as a social and political unit within the broader scope, namely the Dutch East Indies, had appeared in 1923, when Husni Thamrin, community leaders founded the association Betawi Betawi. New at the same time all the Betawi people are aware they are a party, namely the class of the Betawi.

There is also the opinion that the Betawi community includes not only blend in Batavia castle built by the Dutch but also includes people outside the fortress called proto Betawi community. Locals outside the fort of Batavia is already using the Malay language, which is commonly used in Sumatra, which then serve as the national language.

In addition, the agreement between Surawisesa (King of Sunda) by the Portuguese in 1512 which allowed the Portuguese to build a community in the Sunda Kalapa result of mixed marriages among the local population with a lower Portuguese Portuguese mixed blood. Of this community was born keroncong music.

After independence

Since the end of last century and especially after independence (1945), Jakarta is flooded with immigrants from all over Indonesia, so that the Betawi people - in any sense as well - to live as a minority. In 1961, the 'tribe' Betawi covers approximately 22.9 percent of the 2.9 million people in Jakarta at that time. They are increasingly pushed to the periphery, even noisy evicted and displaced to the outside of Jakarta. Although actually, 'tribe' Betawi is never displaced or evicted from Jakarta, because the process of assimilation of the various tribes in Indonesia until now continues and through a long process that also 'tribe' Betawi present in the archipelago.

8:50 PM | 0 comments | Read More

Kinds of Indonesian Culture

Indonesian culture .

The national culture

The national culture is easy to understand as a culture that is recognized as a national identity. The definition of national culture according to MPR No.II of 1998, namely:

The national culture is based on Pancasila is the embodiment of creativity, work and intention of Indonesia and is an overall effort to develop Indonesia's human dignity as a nation, and are directed to provide insight and meaning to national development in all fields of national life. Thus the National Development is a development of culture.

Also mentioned in the next chapter that national culture also reflect the noble values ​​of the nation. It appears that the limits of national culture that formulated by the government-oriented national development based on the spirit of Pancasila.

National culture in view of Ki Hajar Dewantara is "the peaks of the regional culture". Quote this statement refers to understand the unity of the more established, so that more and more perceived than ketunggalikaan diversity. His form a unitary state, national economy, national laws, as well as the national language. Definition given by Koentjaraningrat can be seen from peryataannya: "a distinctive and quality of any ethnic origin, the origin could identify themselves and create a sense of pride, that national culture". This statement refers to the tops of the regional culture and ethnic culture which can cause a sense of pride for Indonesia if they are shown to represent a shared identity.

Statements contained in the Guidelines of State Policy is a translation of the 1945 Constitution Article 32. Today the figures are questioning the existence of the Indonesian culture and national culture, regional culture related to the abolition of the three sentence explanation to section 32 and the emergence of a new paragraph. They questioned the possibility of division by the culture of the region if the boundary of the national culture is not explained clearly.

Before the amendment, the 1945 uses two terms to identify the areas of culture and national culture. National culture, is the old cultures and contained the original as a peak-peak areas throughout Indonesia, while the national culture itself is understood as a cultural geese already be in a position that has meaning for the whole of Indonesia. In a unifying national culture there are elements of Banga Indonesia is already aware of and had a late spread nationally. In it there are elements of national culture and foreign cultural elements, as well as elements of a new creation or invention of national results.

Regional culture

The whole area of ​​culture that come from diverse cultural ethnic groups in Indonesia are an integral part of Indonesian culture.

Indonesia Cultural although varied, but basically formed and influenced by other great cultures such as Chinese culture, Indian culture and Arab culture. Indian culture, especially coming from the spread of Hindu and Buddhist religions in the archipelago long before Indonesia was formed. Kingdoms breath Hinduism and Buddhism was dominated archipelago in the 5th century BC was marked by the founding of the oldest kingdoms in the archipelago, Kutai, until the end of the 15th century AD.

Chinese culture in and influence the culture of Indonesia due to the interaction of intense trade between Chinese merchants and Nusantara (Srivijaya). In addition, many of them entered with nomads-Chinese nomads who came from southern China and settled in the archipelago. They settled and married local residents produces a mix of local Chinese culture and unique. Culture like this that later became one of the roots of modern local culture than in Indonesia such as Javanese and Betawi culture.

Arab culture entered along with the spread of Islam by Arab traders who arrive in the archipelago on their way to China.

The arrival of European explorers since the 16th century to the archipelago, and the subsequent ongoing occupation, carrying various forms of Western culture and shaping modern Indonesian culture as it can be found now. Technological, organizational and political systems, social systems, various elements of culture such as cuisine, fashion, economy, and so on, are adopting western culture which is gradually integrated into society.Kinds of Indonesian Culture

5:46 PM | 0 comments | Read More